Important complications to understand
- ✓Blood clots in the leg (DVT) and, less commonly, pulmonary embolism
- ✓Wound or deep joint infection
- ✓Bleeding and anaesthesia-related complications
- ✓Persistent pain, stiffness or reduced range of motion
- ✓Instability or problems with implant function
- ✓Injury to nearby nerves, blood vessels or soft tissues
- ✓Need for further surgery or revision in some patients
How risk is reduced before surgery
Pre-operative assessment identifies factors that may increase complications. The treating team may review diabetes control, weight, smoking, medicines, anaemia, infection risk, heart or lung disease and other conditions before deciding whether surgery should proceed.
What happens after surgery to reduce risk?
- ✓Early supervised mobilisation when medically appropriate
- ✓Blood-clot prevention based on individual risk
- ✓Wound care and infection precautions
- ✓Pain-management plan that allows safe movement and physiotherapy
- ✓Rehabilitation focused on strength, movement and function
Warning signs that need prompt medical attention
Patients should follow their own discharge instructions. Increasing wound redness, pus or drainage, fever, worsening leg swelling, severe calf pain, chest pain or difficulty breathing can require urgent assessment. Emergency symptoms should not wait for an online reply or routine appointment.
The right way to discuss risk
A useful consent discussion is individual. Ask about your own medical risk, the planned implant and technique, expected rehabilitation, warning signs, and what would happen if a complication occurred. Online percentages cannot replace that conversation.
Frequently asked questions
Can knee replacement complications be completely prevented?
No. Teams use evidence-based steps to reduce risk, but no operation is risk-free. Your individual medical history and procedure influence the risk profile.
What symptoms after knee replacement are urgent?
Follow your discharge instructions. Worsening wound infection signs, marked calf swelling or pain, chest pain or difficulty breathing require prompt medical assessment; chest pain or breathing difficulty can be an emergency.
Independent patient-information sources
These sources are provided so patients can read the underlying independent guidance. External guidance is general and does not replace advice from the treating team.